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Coachbuilder
A coachbuilder is a manufacturer of bodies for automobiles and a manufacturer of complete horse-drawn vehicles.〔Construction has always been a skilled trade requiring a relatively lightweight product with sufficient strength. The manufacture of satisfactory wheels held together by iron or steel tyres was always most critical.
The word ''coachbuilder'' is recorded as early as 1794. From about 1000CE the work was carried out by a ''wainwright'', a wagon-builder, later names: ''cartwright'' - a carpenter who makes carts, also (from 1587) ''coachwright'' as well as (from 1599) ''coachmaker''. Subtrades: ''wheelwright'', ''coachjoiner'' etc. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' 2011〕
Coachwork is the body of a motor vehicle (automobile, bus or truck), a horse-drawn coach or carriage (whence the term originated, derived from the Hungarian town of Kocs), or, by extension, a railroad car or railway carriage. The term is usually reserved for bodies built on a separate chassis, rather than being of unitary or monocoque construction. With reference to motor vehicles, ''auto body'' is the standard term in North American English. An obsolescent synonym is ''carrossery'' (plural: ''carosseries'').
==Before automobiles==
A British trade association the Worshipful Company of Coachmakers and Coach Harness Makers, was incorporated in 1630. Some British coachmaking firms operating in the 20th century were established even earlier. Rippon was active in the time of Queen Elizabeth I, Barker founded in 1710 by an officer in Queen Anne's Guards, Brewster a relative newcomer (though oldest in the U.S.), formed in 1810.〔G.N. Georgano, G. N. ''Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930''. (London: Grange-Universal, 1990), p.206〕
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